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shell basics
summary
This chapter looks at UNIX (and Linux) shell basics.
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This chapter looks at UNIX (and Linux) shell basics.
free computer programming text book projecttable of contents
|
This chapter looks at UNIX (and Linux) shell basics.
Most versions of UNIX and Linux offer a choice of shells.
The default shell in Linux is normally BASH (Bourne Again SHell).
You login into a traditional command line UNIX system by typing your user name, ENTER, your password, and ENTER (in that order). This will enter you into the default shell set up for your account.
On a computer that runs a graphic interface (such as Gnome, KDE, and Mac OS X) you will want to use the prorgam called “Terminal”. This terminal emulator program may also be called something like: gnome-terminal, konsole, rxvt, or zterm.
When the shell is running it will present a shell prompt. This shell prompt is normally the U.S. dollar sign ( $ ). The shell prompt lets you know that the shell is ready for your input.
$
Almost all of the shell examples in this book will use bold face to show what you type and plain fixed space characters to show shell output. Items that you need to modify according to your local needs are normally going to be presented in italics.
You can run a UNIX (or Linux or Mac OS X) command (also called a tool) by typing its name and then the ENTER or RETURN key.
The following example uses the date command or tool.
$ date
Wed Nov 10 18:08:33 PST 2010
$
The format is: day of the week, month, day of the month, 24 hour time, time zone, year.
There is a temporary stoppage in work on this project because the author is once again homeless. This is a very worthy project that can benefit tens of millions of poor students at a very low cost (hundreds of dollars a month) and a banner ad for the sponsor could lead to millions of dollars of income. If a business is interested in supporting this project, please see project for details.
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Because I no longer have the computer and software to make PDFs, the book is available as an HTML file, which you can convert into a PDF.
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free computer programming text book projectBuilding a free downloadable text book on computer programming for university, college, community college, and high school classes in computer programming. If you like the idea of this project, At the time I write this message I am a few days from becoming homeless. That will greatly interfere with my ability to create this project, which can help nearly 20 million U.S. college students and more than 150 million students world-wide. I am looking for 30 rich people or corporations willing to donate $10 a month to my church so that the church can provide a place indoors for me to continue work. If you want to donate, please see help project. Thanks much. Supporting the entire project: If you have a business or organization that can support the entire cost of this project, please contact Pr Ntr Kmt (my church) free downloadable college text book on computer programming. |
I do the news as an unpaid volunteer for KOCI 101.5 FM, Newport Beach/Costa Mesa (also available on the web)
This web site handcrafted on Macintosh 
computers using Tom Bender’s Tex-Edit Plus 
and served using FreeBSD 
.
†UNIX used as a generic term unless specifically used as a trademark (such as in the phrase “UNIX certified”). UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries, licensed exclusively through X/Open Company Ltd.
Names and logos of various OSs are trademarks of their respective owners.
Copyright © 2010 Milo
Created: November 9, 2010
Last Updated: November 12, 2010
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